In the subject of applied linguistics, a growing corpus of research has looked into how gender influences second and foreign language learning. One of the conclusions from the research is that female learners excel in language acquisition and are more motivated to acquire a second/foreign language. Iwaniec, for example, discovered that female learners had greater levels of enthusiasm for language learning and more powerful images of themselves as future effective English language users than male learners. Oga-Baldwin and Nakata discovered that female learners were more internally disciplined and engaged in English learning than male learners. In another study, Calafato and Tang discovered that female students were more driven to be multilingual and had greater levels of intrinsic motivation to speak many languages. According to Calafato and Tang, female learners' higher motivation to be multilingual may be related to their perception of multilingualism as emancipatory, as multilingual abilities may be perceived as an asset that provides them with opportunities for multicultural interactions, travel, and education.
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Why Chinese students learn English?
As a cosmopolitan community on China's southern coast, Hong Kong is distinguished by the coexistence of three spoken languages: Cantonese (the local vernacular language), Putonghua (China's national language), and English (one of the co-official languages). The bulk of the local Chinese population speaks Cantonese as their primary language.2 English, the second language of the vast majority of Hong Kong's Chinese people, is a valuable advantage for upward mobility. As a result, many local Chinese students regard learning English as a second language to be a worthy investment in their future professional careers. Despite its great symbolic importance, English is rarely utilised for spoken conversation among the local Chinese community, therefore opportunities to speak English in Hong Kong may be restricted. It is also worth noting that, while most Hong Kong residents speak English with localised pronunciation traits, exonormative attitudes towards native-speaker forms of English, particularly British English, remain prevalent in Hong Kong culture.
Relationship between gender and attitudes English among chinese students
In a recent study on the relationship between gender and attitudes towards different English varieties among Hong Kong learners, Chan discovered that female learners were more aware of different English varieties, had a stronger preference for native-speaker pronunciation, and wanted to learn native-like pronunciation than male learners. One probable explanation for the observed gender disparities is that female learners may be more sensitive to standard and/or prestige language forms than male learners. Unlike Chan's research, which focuses on the role of gender in influencing L2 learners' preferences for different varieties of English, the current study investigates how gender as a social construct influences two focal students' negotiation of access to L2 speaking opportunities and participation in L2 learning activities in the Hong Kong context.
